After the Second World War, rationalist urban planning was applied to the reconstruction of cities devastated by war and its methodology gradually became closer to capitalist economic principles, since its postulates of zoned fragmentation, mass production and prefabrication matched perfectly with the capitalist industrial models. A paradigmatic model was that of the English new towns ("new cities"), which brought together the precepts of the garden cities advocated by Ebenezer Howard at the beginning of the century with rationalist postulates.493 The Greater London Plan to decentralize the English capital, approved in the New Towns Act of 1946. Between 1945 and 1951 fourteen new towns were created, note 9, including Stevenage (1946) and Harlow (1947), which show a certain influence of the Scandinavian neo-empiricism practiced then.495 In the rest of Europe, a broad program of reforms and new urban projects was also developed: in Scandinavia several new cities emerged (Vallingby, Farsta and Skarholmen in Sweden, Tapiola in Finland), as well as several regulatory plans in cities such as Copenhagen (Five Fingers Plan, 1947) or Helsinki, which expands its municipal territory six times.496 In France, Italy and Germany, more devastated by the war, Priority was given to construction over urban projects, so the housing stock grew without proper planning, except in some cases such as the Le Havre and Amiens development plans drawn up by Auguste Perret in 1947-1954, the various Unite d'Habitation by Le Corbusier (1952-1964), the neighborhoods planned by the firm Candilis, Josic & Woods (Bagnols-sur-Ceze, 1956-1960; Toulouse-le-Mirail, 1961-1966), the Milan regulatory plan of 1953 or the Hansaviertel neighborhood in Berlin planned at the Interbau of 1957. 497 In the Netherlands there was a greater relationship between modular home and urban planning, as in the case of Rotterdam, whose center was completely destroyed in 1940, for which a reconstruction plan drawn up by Cornelius van Traa was drawn up and approved in 1946. 498 In Eastern countries, the reconstruction of cities was carried out under the academic style advocated by the Stalinist dictatorship and only after Stalin's death did some more rationalist projects emerge, such as the housing blocks shown in models at the General Exhibition in Brussels in 1958
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After the Second World War, rationalist urban planning was applied to the reconstruction of cities devastated by war and its methodology gradually became closer to capitalist economic principles, since its postulates of zoned fragmentation, mass production and prefabrication matched perfectly with the capitalist industrial models. A paradigmatic model was that of the English new towns ("new cities"), which brought together the precepts of the garden cities advocated by Ebenezer Howard at the beginning of the century with rationalist postulates.493 The Greater London Plan to decentralize the English capital, approved in the New Towns Act of 1946. Between 1945 and 1951 fourteen new towns were created, note 9, including Stevenage (1946) and Harlow (1947), which show a certain influence of the Scandinavian neo-empiricism practiced then.495 In the rest of Europe, a broad program of reforms and new urban projects was also developed: in Scandinavia several new cities emerged (Vallingby, Farsta and Skarholmen in Sweden, Tapiola in Finland), as well as several regulatory plans in cities such as Copenhagen (Five Fingers Plan, 1947) or Helsinki, which expands its municipal territory six times.496 In France, Italy and Germany, more devastated by the war, Priority was given to construction over urban projects, so the housing stock grew without proper planning, except in some cases such as the Le Havre and Amiens development plans drawn up by Auguste Perret in 1947-1954, the various Unite d'Habitation by Le Corbusier (1952-1964), the neighborhoods planned by the firm Candilis, Josic & Woods (Bagnols-sur-Ceze, 1956-1960; Toulouse-le-Mirail, 1961-1966), the Milan regulatory plan of 1953 or the Hansaviertel neighborhood in Berlin planned at the Interbau of 1957. 497 In the Netherlands there was a greater relationship between modular home and urban planning, as in the case of Rotterdam, whose center was completely destroyed in 1940, for which a reconstruction plan drawn up by Cornelius van Traa was drawn up and approved in 1946. 498 In Eastern countries, the reconstruction of cities was carried out under the academic style advocated by the Stalinist dictatorship and only after Stalin's death did some more rationalist projects emerge, such as the housing blocks shown in models at the General Exhibition in Brussels in 1958
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